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In an effort to define the varied expression of three vasoactive markers in the clinical models of normal placenta/normal invasion (n=11), preeclampsia/restricted trophoblast invasion (n=15), and placenta accreta/exaggerated invasion (n=6), we performed semiquantitative immunohistochemistry for kallikrein, bradykinin B2 receptor, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In the floating villi,...
Hyperinsulinemia in obesity has been attributed to insulin oversecretion by pancreatic beta-cells. Beta-cells are equipped with cholinergic and adrenergic receptors; whereas overall acetylcholine action is to potentiate, catecholamines' effect is to inhibit glucoseinduced insulin release (GIIR) via α2-adrenoreceptor. However, it has been shown that \-adrenergic agonists potentiate glucose response...
This study tested the hypothesis that aromatization of testosterone to estradiol is necessary for sexual differentiation of the sheep brain. Pregnant ewes (n=10) were treated with the aromatase inhibitor 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione (ATD) during the period of gestation when the sheep brain is maximally sensitive to the behavior-modifying effects of exogenous testosterone (embryonic d 50–80; 147...
Overproduction of proinflammatory factors is associated with obesity and diabetes. Interleukin (IL)-18 as a member of IL-1 cytokine family is increased in obese, in diabetic, and even in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. In the present study we evaluated the association of serum IL-18 levels with insulin resistance in PCOS women. Forty-two PCOS women and 38 control subjects were enrolled...
Numerous studies on vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms differ with conflicting data in various populations. We studied the association of FokI and BsmI polymorphisms in the gene encoding the vitamin D receptor with bone mineral density (BMD) in 219 persons of Bulgarian nationality. The calculated relative risk (RR) for low bone mineral density is higher for Fokl marker (3.14) compared to...
Very few of the genes that are important in pituitary tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis have been identified to date. To identify potential genes that may be important in pituitary tumor progression and carcinoma development, we used AffymetrixTM GeneChip HGU-133A-oligonucleotide arrays, which contain more than 15,000 characterized genes from the human genome to study gene expression in...
In order to gain information on the determinism of the perturbation of fuel homeostasis in situations characterized by a depletion in long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 fatty acids (ω3), the metabolic and hormonal status of ω3-depleted rats (second generation) was examined. When required, these rats were injected intravenously 120 min before sacrifice with a novel medium-chain triglyceride-fish oil emulsion...
This study investigated FSHβ transcriptional responses to the suppression of endogenous follistatin (FST) production using FST antisense RNA (FST-AS) expressing adenovirus constructs in female rat pituitary cells in vitro. Adenoviral delivery systems were characterized and optimized using an adenovirus-green fluorescent protein construct, and maximal infection (85–90% of cells) was seen 48 h post...
Liddle's syndrome has been known as a disorder associated with abnormal sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule and transmitted as a rare autosomal dominant trait. It is caused by mutations in the SCNN1B or SCNN1C gene, which truncate the cytoplasmic carboxyl terminus of the β and γ subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Genetic analysis of ENaC in a Chinese family with Liddle's syndrome...
A 53-yr-old previously healthy man was admitted to our hospital for thyrotoxicosis without ophthalmopathy. Initial therapy with propylthiouracil caused an acute elevation of liver enzymes. Then, he received a first course of 131I therapy (20 mCi). At the end of 6-mo follow-up after 131I, he was still thyrotoxic and developed moderately severe ophthalmopathy. The patient refused thyroid surgery and...
Inactivating mutations of wild-type p53 (WTp53) tumor suppressor gene are common in anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) and are associated with poor prognosis. Mutated p53 (MTp53) has been implicated with angiogenesis. Therefore, the potential of MTp53 knockout by oligodeo xyribonucleotide phosphorothioates (ODNs) to affect VEGF production of undifferentiated thryoid cancer cells with a recessive MTp53...
In some patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) it is not possible to identify a germline mutation in the MEN1 gene. We sought to document the loss of expression and function of the MEN1 gene product, menin, in the tumors of such a patient. The proband is an elderly female patient with primary hyperparathyroidism, pancreatic islet tumor, and breast cancer. Herson has primary hyperparathyroidism...
We have demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is expressed in capillary pericytes of the developing corpus luteum (CL) and other have shown that basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) and angio-poietins (ANGPT) are present in the CL. VEGF and FGF2 target endothelial cells to initiate angiogenesis and stimulate nitric oxide (NO) production. Conversely, NO may increase VEGF expression...
It has been proposed that ghrelin induces food intake by a mechanism due to the stimulation of hypothalamic NPY-ergic activity. It is recognized that bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) enhances hypothalamic CRH-ergic function and reduces appetite. Thus, the aim of the present study was to test whether, icv-administered, ghrelin modulates NPY- and CRH-ergic functions after food restriction (FR) and glucocorticoid...
Postprandial lipoprotein metabolism is suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated postprandial lipemia and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors in patients with overt and subclinical hypothyroidism. Twentynine female patients with TSH levels greater than 5 μIU/mL and 12 euthyroid control female subjects were included in the study. Fifteen...
Objective: The data related to association among hypertension, insulin resistance, and plasma adiponectin concentration is controversial. We aimed to evaluate the relationships among these factors in a young hypertensive group who had no confounding factors. Design and methods: Thirty newly diagnosed and formerly untreated hypertensive males (mean age 23.4±4.0 yr; body mass index: 24.9±2.2 kg/m2),...
In the present study, we investigated the protein levels and phosphorylation status of the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrates (IRS-1, IRS-2, and IRS-3) as well as their association with PI(3)-kinase in the rat adipose tissue of two models of insulin resistance: dexamethasone treatment and aging. AKT and atypical PKC phosphorylation detection were also performed. Both models showed decreased...
Activin responsiveness of the murine GnRH receptor (GnRHR) gene promoter requires two spatially distinct regulatory elements termed the GnRH receptor activating sequence or GRAS and the downstream activin regulatory element or DARE. While GRAS interacts with multiple transcription factors, DARE activity requires tandem homeodomain binding motifs (TAAT) and displays specific binding to the LIM homeodomain...
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